After years of underbuilding, the U.S. faces a shortage of more than 4.7 million homes. In response, several states are advancing zoning and permitting reforms designed to increase supply, streamline approvals, and improve affordability.
Georgia: Faster Permits, Clearer Decisions
Georgia lawmakers are considering legislation to reduce delays while increasing transparency and predictability for developers. Proposed reforms would 1) keep the existing 45-day review timeline; require second reviews to be completed within 14 days if applicants fix only cited issues; and mandate written explanations with legal citations for any permit denial.
Virginia: Density Through Small-Lot Zoning
In Virginia, a bill led by Briana Sewell would require jurisdictions with populations over 20,000 to designate at least one zoning district for small-lot housing. Additional measures would allow by-right approvals for apartments, townhomes, and mixed-use developments along commercial corridors.
New York: Environmental Review Reform
In New York, Governor Kathy Hochul plans to propose amendments to the State Environmental Quality Review Act to exempt certain low-impact housing projects from additional review. Other pending bills would 1) prevent local zoning laws that reduce allowable housing units; and 2) allow faith-based organizations to develop housing.
Utah: Starter Home Flexibility
Utah is considering a proposal that would let builders seek approval for smaller-lot homes, with requests automatically approved if local governments fail to act within 30 days.
Vermont: Streamlined Production
Housing advocates in Vermont have launched the “Let’s Build Homes” initiative, a bill thatwould extend regulatory exemptions, accelerate accessory dwelling unit approvals, and encourage faster construction through 2030.
Florida: Beyond Zoning
Florida has already enacted sweeping reforms through its Live Local Act, widely credited with reducing red tape and encouraging development. A bill has since been passed by the Fl. House to eliminate property taxes on primary residences. This is an aggressive attempt to address affordability beyond zoning policy.
The Big Picture
Across the country, policymakers are converging on a shared conclusion: restrictive zoning and slow approvals contribute significantly to housing shortages. The common objective is clear: increase housing supply and improve affordability.
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